Shahrzad KHADEMI, Université Paris 8, France
Iran in its post-revolutionary years was in a particular and fragile situation; following the fall of the monarchy, freedom to demonstrate was given to all political groups; on the other hand, conflicts with the opposition, the threats to the country's borders, the instabilities between ethnic groups and finally, the imposition of the war with Iraq, put the country in a defensive position and Tehran reorganization was in a hibernate mode for nine years (1979-1988).The new government was based on religion and tradition. Distinctively it did not specify locality in term of geography, space, and social-class. But instead, it was formed based on the religious and revolutionary sprite. A decade after, the post-war years encouraged people on one hand to consumerism, and on the other hand through some religious TV program asked them for an acquiescence of a simple life, which made a very contradicted society.
After the Islamic Revolution and eight years of war, the ideological reflections and manifestation for independence from West and East, made a revolutionary will to avoid from the both of them, specifically the west. Consequently, a new architecture and urban planning mode emerged, called Iranian-Islamic. Contrary to its desire of an Iranian-Islamic city and Independence, the municipality was too weak and did not manage to follow the plans of the previous era. As we reviewed in a previous part, all the Urban Plans after, was practically based on the first one. Thus, because of this contradiction Iran is always in a dilemma between modern and local urbanism.
Fragmentation in the urban structure of Tehran did not develop in an isolated phase. The erasure of preexisting cities and their replacement by newer patterns of development has always been a part of losing the urban codes and the base point of developing. In recent decades the intra-mural commercial centers –which grow every day in number and size- make some isolated enclaves to the city.
Mots clés : Tehran|Commerce|Post-war|Iran|Fragmentation
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