Following the process of financialization of the world economy and the so-called debt crisis that hit Latin America in the 1980s, Mexico carried out an export-oriented industrialization through the maquiladoras. However, this industrialization proved to be increasingly dependent on new imports and not very likely to internalize technological innovation. Stimulated by the intensification of neoliberalism in Latin America, represented by the Washington Consensus, Mexico joined NAFTA in 1994, the same year that the country experienced one of the worst financial crises in its history, exacerbating neoliberal contradictions in the economic development of the periphery. of the capitalist system. With this, the present work seeks to analyze the productive restructuring in Mexico from the maquiladoras' policy, using Milton Santos's category of Socio-spatial Formation and Ignácio Rangel's Theory of Basic Duality. The main result pointed out was the fragmentation of the Mexican territory from the refunctionalization of the northern region of the country in order to offer cheap labor to the border and hegemonic country of NAFTA, the United States. This territorial fragmentation, typical of what Milton Santos called perverse globalization, or even the superior stage of imperialism, explains the neocolonial domination, with the absence of an autonomous Mexican development and its economic annexation by the American nation.
Mots clés : Neoliberalism|territorial fragmentation|socio-spatial formation|basic duality|NAFTA
A105392JC