Ricardo ALMENDRA, Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning (CEGOT-UC) and Department of Geography and Tourism - University of Coimbra, Portugal
Juliana OLIVEIRA, Centro Académico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil
Risia MENEZES, Faculdade de Nutrição - Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Brazil
Adriana LOUREIRO, Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Coimbra (CEGOT-UC), Portugal
Overweight has been increasing worldwide and is today risk factors for the main non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and certain cancers (Swinburn et al., 2019). The characteristics of the place where people live and develop their daily activities impacts the food environment and can contribute to healthier, or unhealthier, choices and behaviors (Santana et al., 2009).
The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of built urban environment in food choices and overweight in the municipalities of the Portuguese Network of Healthy Municipalities.
A cross-sectional population-based survey was applied (May/2020-April/2021), with a sample of 10,047 individuals (≥18 years old). Overweight was measured through the Body Mass Index ≥25kg/m2 (based on self-reported measures). Logistic regressions models, adjusted for age and sex, were applied to evaluate the association between overweight and: (i) individual conditions (demographic/socioeconomic/health/behavioral), (ii) residence area contextual characteristics (availability of sports equipment /leisure/recreation; access to green spaces and food stores) and consumption of sugary drinks.
Overweight ranged between 37.5 and 48%, being more prevalent in the population living in rural municipalities. And was significantly associated with: Systemic Arterial Hypertension (OR: 2.63) and Diabetes (OR: 2.77), low physical activity practice (OR: 1.69), worse socioeconomic status (OR: 1.38), low consumption of fruits (OR: 1.26) and vegetables (OR: 1.36) and frequent consumption of sugary drinks (OR: 1.66). Conditions of the built environment were also significantly associated with overweight, highlighting the importance of access to green spaces (OR: 1.14), sport facilities (OR: 1.11), leisure public places (OR: 1.12) and food stores (OR: 1.13).
The results highlight the importance of place characteristics to tackle combating overweight and obesity.
Mots clés : Overweight|Inequalities|Socioeconomic factors|Portugal
A105249AL