Mónica FLORES, Observatorio de Ciudades UC, Chile
Natalia RAMÍREZ, Observatorio de Ciudades UC, Chile
Our research aimed to show how Chilean public policy decisions on housing and territory, applied under the dogma of neoliberal economic theory, overcame on important urban segregation patterns. Concentrating, nowadays, in the poorest areas of Greater Santiago population with high social vulnerability, affecting mostly to women population. The time frame is set between the years 1992 and 2017, both due to data availability and the implementation of housing policies at the beginning of the '80s that continued during the decade of the 90's, such as the Erradicacion de Pobladores, relocation of informal settlers, and their subsequent location in “social” housing as site-owners. Such policies, with a lack of territorial planning and social perspective, led to the construction of ghettos and segregation areas, especially in peripheral newly created municipalities for receiving “social” housing and relocated population (Ducci, 1997).
The research was developed from a feminist perspective of the territory, relating two concepts. First, spatial segregation, understanding it as the way in which diverse groups are spatially separated and, therefore, are prevented from interacting with each other (Brown & Chung, 2006); and vulnerability, considering the definitions related to territorial value, and a lack of it, meaning places that have a high probability of being negatively affected by an event (Méndez, 2017).
Our findings indicate how residential segregation, under municipal administrations with scarce resources, has brought a spatial concentration of female vulnerability in aspects such as economic dependency, barriers to social insertion and housing affordability. Issues that, given an absence of gender focused public policies, tend to perpetuate themselves in the territory and even to accentuate over time. In this sense, the debate on the incorporation of the gender perspective in policy-making takes value (Guzmán, 1998) in the light of the constitutional process in Chile.
Mots clés : Women vulnerability|Critical GIS|Gender geography
A104716MF