Spatial analysis and primary health care: a case study in Brazil
Leila Bernarda GÖTTEMS, Escola Superior de Ciências de Saúde, Brazil
Pedro KING, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
Flávio AMORIM, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil
Sérgio FERNANDES, Escola Superior de Ciências de Saúde, Brazil
Thais SILVA, Escola Superior de Ciências de Saúde, Brazil
Gleiton ARAUJO, Escola Superior de Ciências de Saúde, Brazil
Levy SANTANA, Escola Superior de Ciências de Saúde, Brazil
Primary Health Care in the Brazilian health system provides greater access and solvability based on the work of teams that assume responsibility for the population of a defined geographic area, where individual and collective actions are developed in an integral and continuous way¹,². The analytical methods of the geography of health allow detailed examinations of factors related to equity in the access and use of health services by the population residing in these micro territories³. The objective of this research was to analyze the demographic characteristics, accessibility and use of services of the population enrolled in a Basic Health Unit in the Federal District, Brazil. Method: Quantitative descriptive research with geospatial analysis. The UBS and its coverage area were identified in the municipality’s information portal. Demographic and access data were extracted from the electronic health record system, from September 2017 to December 2020, anonymously. Information on the patients’ homes was georeferenced and thematic maps were prepared using Qgis. Descriptive statistical analysis of demographic information, access, and use of UBS services by the population was performed. Results: Of the 28,148 attendances recorded in the period offered to 6811 patients, the results show that spontaneous demand is high compared to scheduled demand; there is a low level of knowledge of the characteristics of the population by the team based on attendance data; the spatial analysis showed the existence of precarious urban infrastructure and low availability of public transport in the region, which can interfere with the accessibility of the population, especially those over 60 years of age, with a risk of lack of health care4,5. Conclusion: The methods of geography in health can contribute to coordinated action in the UBS territory by enabling the inclusion of variables that signal barriers to access to health.
Mots clés : Primary Health Care|Georeferencing|Accessibility to health services|Geospatial analisys
A104507PK