Fengyuan ZHANG, The Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
Min CHEN, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education of PR China), Nanjing Normal University, China
Albert KENNTER, Community Surface Dynamics Modelling System (CSDMS), Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado, United States
Daniel AMES, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Brigham Young University, United States
Quillon HARPHAM, HR Wallingford, United Kingdom
Songshan YUE, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education of PR China), Nanjing Normal University, China
Yongning WEN, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education of PR China), Nanjing Normal University, China
Guonian LÜ, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education of PR China), Nanjing Normal University, China
Xintao LIU, The Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
Studying geography involves analysing geographical phenomena and processes. A massive quantity of geo-analysis models from different domains have been developed to numerically capture and better understand some of these geographical phenomena and processes. Due to the heterogeneity of these models, many scholars and researchers have designed and promulgated standards to overcome model heterogeneity. However, models based on different standards still cannot be shared and reused easily among different model frameworks. The heterogeneity of these model standards has two aspects, including model invoking and data exchanging. For example, models based on OpenMI, BMI and OpenGMS-IS have heterogeneous development styles and formats, so they cannot operate within each framework. This research analyses the challenges to overcome when sharing and reusing models across different standards and provides a solution for model interoperation among different standards and frameworks. By converting fields, mapping functions, exchanging data, and reorganizing components, our “interoperable engines” allow models that use one standard to be operated within a framework that supports a different standard. With a set of interoperable engines developed for models based on OpenMI, BMI and OpenGMS-IS for sharing and reusing, users can couple models across these standards, which can benefit further application based on these standards. This article also provides case studies (using e.g. SWMM, Permamodel) to demonstrate model interoperation. In the case studies, models based on different standards can be invoked by other models, which demonstrates that interoperable engines can be a paradigm for model sharing among different standards.
Mots clés : Model interoperation|Model standards|OpenMI|BMI|OpenGMS-IS
A104181FZ