FLOOD DISASTER, ASSESSMENT AND THEIR MITIGATION PLAN IN BIHAR, INDIA
During monsoon season, India receives almost 70 per cent of annual rainfall, causing the flood. Recently, in 2019 during monsoon season (June – September), India receives above average rainfall. The average annual rainfall from 1950-2000 was 88 centimetres but this year national average is 97 centimetre which is almost 110 per cent. Among all states in India, Bihar is one of the most flood-prone state under constant threat of flooding. Resulting, every year loss of lives, livestock, infrastructure and bring a huge financial toll. The study area extend along the Ganga river in Bihar, which is low lying area and more than 10 major rivers join with river Ganga. Almost 12 districts are suffering severly with this disaster. The reliable information is crucial to design disaster risk reduction plans and policies for mitigation and management of flood water. Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, entitled “Sendai Declaration” and “Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030”, which recognized the importance of a concise, focused, forward-looking and action-oriented post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction and the importance of disseminating risk information with the best use of geospatial information technology. In this regard, geospatial information technology play an very important role. MODIS and Landsat oli data is very much used to assess the near real time flood inundation information of the study area. The flooded area is identified by using the multi-temporal data and overlay analysis methods upto block level information extracted. The study reveals that there is huge amount of agricultural land is submerged into the flooded water affects the kharif season crop as well as rabi season. The various structural and agronomic measures are suggested to mitigate this flood disaster.
Mots clés : BIHAR FLOOD|GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY|DISASTER RISK REDUCTION|SENDAI FRAMEWORK|AGRONOMIC MEASURES
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