Structural and Nonstructural Mitigation Measure of Cyclone in Coastal State of Odisha, India
Pratibha TOMAR, Department of Geography, Delhi School of School of Economics, University of Delhi, India
Kalpana BHAKUNI, Professor, Kamla Nehru College, University of Delhi, India
Coastal states of India are highly vulnerable in terms of recurring events of tropical cyclones that directly impact human life and propriety. As per National Cyclone Risk Management Project (NCRMP), nearly 2 percent of India’s GDP and 12 percent of central government revenue are eroded to manage cyclones in coastal states of India (‘Environment and Social Management Framework’ 2015). More than 37 million population inhabit cyclone-prone areas of the country. The maximum number of cyclones that formed in the Bay of Bengal indicates a highly susceptible location in terms of the number of cyclones occurrences compared to different parts of the world. Of all severe cyclones that hit the eastern coast of India, nearly 20 per cent hit Odisha mainly during April- May and September – November. According to official records of State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA), Odisha has encountered ten cyclones in the last two decades (‘State Disaster Management Plan June 2017). Once every 2-3 decades, a severe cyclone strikes to Odisha coast. The state experienced the worst example of a 1999 super cyclone categorized into a ‘very severe cyclonic storm’ leftover 10,000 people dead. Over the years, the state has focused on structural and non-structural mitigation measures to manage cyclones. This research will discuss different structural and non-structural mitigation measures that help mitigate and prevent the impact of tropical cyclones in Odisha. This research aims to understand the role of the local community, regional and national level government, different organizations, NGOs, and stakeholders in promoting sustainable management of coastal ecosystem and minimize coastal hazards.
Mots clés : Tropical Cyclones|Disaster Management|Structural and Non-Structural|Mitigation Measures
A103820PT