Ram B. BHAGAT, International Institute for Population Sceinces, India
Kunal KESHRI, G.B.Pant Social Science Institute, India
Migration has been an important determinant of population change associated with urbanization and economic development. In developing countries, it is mostly governed by the level of economic development of a region. The internal migration and circulation of labour is generally propelled in India by two factors: uneven economic development and variations in the demographic transition of states. The outbreak of pandemic COVID-19 and ensuing migration crisis has highlighted the poor understanding of government agencies, which till recently had no clue of the real number of migrants and migrant labour staying in different parts of country. Also, there is a misconception that migrants are a homogeneous group. Based on nature of migration and duration of residence at the destination, migrants could be classified into two main categories: temporary circulatory migrants, semi-permanent migrants/ permanent migrants. It is well established that with increasing duration of migration a person's economic status not only becomes better but also absorbed in urban areas as a permanent migrant. The data from the Census of India (1991, 2001, and 2011) and the NSSO 55th (1999-2000), 64th (2007-08) and 70th rounds (2013) are used in this study. The work/employment related migration data from the census is used to study the long-term migration of permanent and semi-permanent nature, whereas data from NSSO is used to estimate short-term circulatory migration at the household level. This study aims to examine these two categories of migration linking them with pattern of regional disparities in India and highlights associated challenges.
Mots clés : Long-term migration|Short-term circulation|regional disparities |urbanization
A103266RB