Research in ecology and particularly in conservation biology has highlighted the importance of preserving functional connections between habitats to allow organisms to move around. The paradigm of site conservation based on an equilibrium of nature and the priority given to exceptional biodiversity has thus been progressively questioned in the face of the inexorable decline of biodiversity. The dynamic aspect of biodiversity and the importance of movements in the life cycle of species invite us to rethink conservation with more flexible and adaptive solutions and on larger territories to consider variations in the distribution of species, particularly in connection with climate change (Mathevet et Godet, 2016). In addition to protected areas, new conservation strategies are being developed, characterized by the networking of protected areas, sometimes with a lower degree of protection and in cohabitation with human activities. Thought at the territories’ scale, these new strategies based on ecological networks are focused on ordinary biodiversity and sometimes rely on the active participation of citizens. They now integrate numerous disciplinary fields to explore the ecological, geographical, social, political, economic and philosophical issues surrounding biodiversity conservation (Gauthier-Clerc et al., 2014). To deal with this multidimensionality, it seems more than necessary not to compartmentalize approaches and even, to allow ourselves to cross disciplinary boundaries to explore interfaces and hybridize our knowledge (Giraudoux, 2022).
Mots clés : Landscape ecology|biodiversity |ecological network|connectivity
A103009CC