Urban space, climate, and pneumonia
Eduarda BRANDALISE, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Pedro MURARA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Since the mid-twentieth century, cities have become the scene of human actions and represent the space where the climate directly influences human health conditions. In this sense, the main objective of the current research is to analyze the relationships between the climate, the occurrence of pneumonia, and how this disease is spatialized in the urban space. We selected the city of Chapecó, located in the south region of Brazil, in the subtropical climate to apply this study. The methodological procedures involved data collection register of hospitalization from the National Ministry Health of Brazil, and from the National Meteorological Institute, we collected data of rainfall, temperatures, and humidity. We used the period starting January 2008 until December 2019 for making the statistic tests (normality test of Shapiro-Wilk; Spearman and Pearson correlations) between data of hospitalization and weather. Then, we created and classified several tables and tables, in addition to collecting and mapping data from the Brazilian Postal Address Code of hospitalization cases. Results show that pneumonia was the most common disease observed in the studied area (50,8% of all hospitalization cases), and winter was the season in which the largest number of hospital admission cases regarding respiratory diseases were observed. Thus, the correlations revealed that the minimum temperature is the element that best correlates with the records of hospitalizations. Negative and inverse correlations in the order of -0,5 were identified. Pneumonia (-0,53; p = 0,005) affected mostly men (55,6%) and elderly people (34,2%), followed by children (29,7%). Although the largest neighborhoods reflect the highest absolute number of hospitalization cases, the neighborhoods that were identified by their socioeconomic differentiation (suburban and impoverished areas) were the ones that proportionally showed the highest number of hospital admission cases.
Keywords: climate and health|respiratory diseases|mapping
A104652PM