Vera SHIROKOVA, ,
Zulfira GAGAEVA, ,
Modern humanity lives in an era of fundamental nature transformations. In recent decades, this is increasingly reflected in the climate. Currently, issues related to global warming are increasingly being discussed. The North Caucasus also does not remain aloof from the observed deviations in the climate state. The region is experiencing noticeable climate changes (temperature rising, change in the location of the snow line, abnormally high summer temperatures, etc.). The issue of studying the influence of global climate changes on the climate conditions of the North Caucasus in the historical past and at the present time is topical.
The history of scientific research on the climate of the North Caucasus is associated with the work of a number of scientists. A significant contribution in the second half of the XVIII century. contributed by participants of Academic expeditions: Güldenstädt, Gmelin, Pallas and others. Their diaries contain the records of favorable climate conditions in which certain types of plants can be grown; the properties of healing springs, which can be useful for the treatment of patients and the development of resort areas, are noted. In the 19th century a significant contribution to the study of the climate of the Caucasus region was made by geographer, climatologist A. Voeikov: he studied the climate of the mountainous and lowland territories, the issues of melting glaciers; investigated the beneficial properties of the climate for medicinal purposes and the potential of balneological resorts for the development of climatic treatment, etc. Famous soil scientist V. Dokuchaev noted the important role of climate in the formation of soil types under conditions of altitudinal and latitudinal zoning (Caucasus expeditions, 19th century). The famous geologist A. Inostrantsev, who surveyed the Ciscaucasia, from the point of view of their water supply, also noted the peculiarities of the climate, due to which there was a shortage of drinking water.
Keywords: climate|geographers|scientists|nature|North Caucasus
A103925IK